Advancing Soil Fumigation in Plasticulture Systems Through In-Line Application
Extension Education
Zachary Snipes
Extension Agent
Clemson Extension
Charleston
Abstract
Soil fumigation has long been a critical management tool for controlling soil-borne diseases, nematodes, and weeds in high-value specialty crops grown in annual plasticulture systems. Historically, fumigants such as Methyl Bromide provided reliable broad-spectrum control; however, regulatory phase-out, worker safety concerns, buffer zone requirements, and a shortage of certified applicators have reduced fumigation adoption. Conventional tractor-mounted, shank-applied fumigation systems require specialized equipment, precise calibration, and skilled operators, increasing both operational complexity and worker exposure risks. As a result, many growers forego fumigation, elevating the risk of yield losses from soil-borne pathogens. In-line fumigation provides an alternative delivery system by applying fumigants through the drip irrigation line after raised beds are formed and covered with plastic mulch. This method offers several advantages, including lower equipment costs, reduced labor requirements, simplified calibration, and a closed delivery system that improves worker safety. Despite these benefits, limited technical familiarity with in-line systems has slowed adoption among growers and Extension personnel. This project aimed to develop and demonstrate an in-line fumigation system suitable for annual plasticulture production in South Carolina. Objectives included engineering and purchasing a demonstration rig, building technical expertise through hands-on training, conducting on-farm demonstrations, highlighting safety improvements, and initiating comparisons between in-line and traditional shank-applied fumigation systems. In the first year, seven on-farm demonstration sites were established across the state, treating approximately 18 acres of production fields. Extension outreach included five educational presentations delivered to growers, crop advisors, and Extension agents, reaching more than 100 participants. Early outcomes indicate increased grower interest in in-line fumigation and improved Extension agent confidence in delivering this technology. Ongoing efforts will expand demonstrations, evaluate efficacy relative to conventional fumigation methods, and develop practical decision tools to support grower adoption.
Poster has NOT been presented at any previous NACAA AM/PIC
This poster is being submitted for judging. It will be displayed at the AM/PIC if not selected as a State winner. The abstract will be published in the proceedings.
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Authors: Zachary Snipes, Justin Ballew, Mallory Maher
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Snipes, Z. Extension Agent, Extension, South Carolina, 29401
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Ballew, J. Extension Associate, Extension, South Carolina, 29073
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Maher, M. Extension Associate, Extension, South Carolina, 29631